A Thin Sheet of Reality: The Universe as a Hologram

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Published 2014-12-29
What we touch. What we smell. What we feel. They’re all part of our reality. But what if life as we know it reflects only one side of the full story? Some of the world’s leading physicists think that this may be the case. They believe that our reality is a projection—sort of like a hologram—of laws and processes that exist on a thin surface surrounding us at the edge of the universe. Although the notion seems outlandish, it’s a long-standing theory that initially emerged years ago from scientists studying black holes; recently, a breakthrough in string theory propelled the idea into the mainstream of physics. What took place was an intriguing discussion on the cutting-edge results that may just change the way we view reality.

This program is part of the Big Ideas Series, made possible with support from the John Templeton Foundation.

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Original Program Date: June 3, 2011
MODERATOR: John Hockenberry
PARTICIPANTS: Gerard ’t Hooft, Leonard Susskind, Raphael Bousso, Herman Verlinde

John Hockenberry's Introduction 00:15

Participant Introductions. 06:32

What is the Holographic Principal? 08:43

Are we real or are we just holograms? 11:40

Why can't information just go away? 14:53

How was the debate with Stephen Hawking? 18:53

Can we map every element in the known universe? 21:30

Where did you find the information being stored? 26:09

Finding the exact amount of information in a black hole? 33:02

Physics can describe everything in a 0 or 1 bit per Planck area. 40:10

What excites you about the Holographic principal? 46:58

Who thinks the Holographic Principle is rubbish? 57:24

Is there a more basic state that quantum mechanics? 01:05:44

What position do you all take on the Holographic Principal? 01:09:54

The universe is a giant computer. 01:18:30

The limits of knowing everything. 01:24:30

All Comments (21)
  • Hello, YouTubers. The World Science Festival is looking for enthusiastic translation ambassadors for its YouTube translation project. To get started, all you need is a Google account. Check out A Thin Sheet of Reality: The Universe as a Hologram to see how the process works: youtube.com/timedtext_video?v=HnETCBOlzJs&ref=shar… To create your translation, just type along with the video and save when done. Check out the full list of programs that you can contribute to here: youtube.com/timedtext_cs_panel?c=UCShHFwKyhcDo3g7h… The World Science Festival strives to cultivate a general public that's informed and awed by science. Thanks to your contributions, we can continue to share the wonder of scientific discoveries with the world.
  • It really doesn't matter what kind of reality you think you're living in. One thing for sure you are witnessing the greatest magic show in our universe. The here-and-now 👁
  • @bernae1902
    The level of passive-aggressiveness among these physicists is ASTRONOMICAL
  • @skybellau
    Suss-Kind has the name, looks and mind of a wizard. We are blessed with his lack of arrogance (and all these gentlemen) whilst attempting to connect vast fields of complex knowledge, then carefully stepping it down for us plebes to comprehend some semblance of it. These are early days in the scheme of things. Great marvels to come.
  • I was born with many difficulties in my life. Although I am not fully educated, I have a strong love for science and the universe. Thank you for bringing it to me. Love you
  • @ChildOL
    It's like video game characters tying to figure out the truth of their existence as video game characters but using video game physics to describe the computer they run on. It's impossible, which is why there is a conflict (unless of course the designer put the information there that describes it)
  • @SeanMauer
    The question at the end, "Do you think we are just a projection...do you think we are actually real?" the problem is, a projection is just as real as anything else. It's just a matter of mechanics used to accomplish reality.
  • @efleishermedia
    It's quite astounding how deeply ancient alchemical and Gnostic elements have become embedded in our most "cutting edge" science. The holographic nature of information was noted by many of the first alchemists. And indeed, almost the entire intro to this forum was steeped in ancient mysticism. Several times the speakers highlighted the importance of the Hegelian dialectic in physics, though they didn't call it that. It's a historical fact that Hegel was an alchemist, and one can draw almost exact parallels between alchemical principles and Hegel's dialectic. Even the idea of the "singularity" is a deeply Gnostic concept. There is a kind of Eschatological strain in technocratic elites today, from Elon Musk to Ray Kurzweil. I can't help but thinking that computer technology has revived a kind of new cybernetic school of alchemy that is just as mystical as it is rational. I'm wary of any elites that push Eschatological ideas, because these ideas always lead to the Eschaton... otherwise known as "the apocalypse". I think the archetype of the mad scientist should seriously be explored by more critical thinkers today before we let a group of high priests lead us into an unnecessary apocalypse. It's at least worth exploring, one would think.
  • @1995yuda
    "So, you're saying you guys are friends ?" - This is the moment when I realized this guy is a damn genius. Incredible and enjoyable presentation, thank you.
  • @StaticBlaster
    It's 3 in the morning on a Monday in July 2020 and I'm binging these science festivals. I think I have a condition. Perhaps... Science-philia.
  • The idea of the universe being described as bits at the plank level makes sense when you think about the books and digital media. You can have a billion digital books that fit on a disk the size of your hand. Apply that on a cosmic level and you can describe the universe using far less space to encode the information. Incredible...
  • @mamashell4467
    Me before watching this video- "Oh this looks silly but I'm bored. I'll give it a listen.." Me after watching this video- "OMG THE UNIVERSE IS A HOLOGRAM!!!!"
  • @nems0909
    This host is an absolute G. He kept this hilarious. Man if you're out there thanks for the entertainment factor.
  • @taemeister9302
    We are infinite awareness having a human experience. There us no you or I. All experience from every matter in this universe will all revert back to one single consciousness.
  • @lizintexas1134
    I appreciate the effort you put into the video description this is all very professional and easy to follow.
  • @asafbeeri4037
    So nice to see Professor Susskind, I wish my math teachers in high school were even a little like him.
  • @wendyfay16
    WoW! Fascinating... and I didn't think I knew or understood anything about physics, but not only could I follow what was being said and suggested, but I even enjoyed exploring the ideas and agreed with things that prior to this, I'd never even heard of before! So what a brilliant moderator to keep it simple enough for even people like me to not only enjoy, but to be disappointed that it concluded as soon as it did ... just when it was becoming even more Fascinating! Thank you so very much ... even if it's probably very old theory by now.
  • @mookiezebra
    As Gerard stated at 1:04, maybe information is lost to us as observers but ultimately is not lost because it branches off into another reality that we can not observe.
  • @JoJo279
    I love it when minds like this come together ...😍😍😍
  • It is absolutely fascinating to be hearing all this coming straight from the sources who worked directly on this theory!