Nationalism in India Class 10 full chapter (Animation) | Class 10 History Chapter 2 | CBSE | NCERT

At this place 24:00, the year of Chauri Chaura Incident has been mistakenly wrong, but the correct year is 1922, and really sorry for this type of silly mistake.

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Instant Revision 1915 : Gandhiji returns to India 1917 : Gandhiji went to Champaran Bihar 1917 : Kheda Satyagraha in Gujarat 1918 : Ahmedabad mill Strike 1918 -1919 and 1920-21 : There is a severe food scarcity as a result of many Indian regions’ crops failing. 1919 : Rowlatt Act 13th April 1919 : JallianwalaBagh massacre 1919 : Khilafat committee was formed in Bombay 1920 : In summer of 1920 Gandhiji and Shawkat Ali to and extensively throughout the India 1920(Nagpur Session): Non cooperation programme was adopted by the National Congress 1909 : Gandhiji wrote Hind Swaraj 1920(June) : Jawaharlal Nehru began going around the villages in awadh 6th January 1921 : The police in the united provinces fired at the peasants near Rae Bareli January 1921 : The non cooperation Khilafat movement began 1921 census : According to the census, famines and other disasters caused the deaths of 12 to 13 million people. 1921 : Houses of talukdar and merchants were attacked 1921 : Gandhiji had designed the Swaraj flag February 1922 : Gandhi decided to withdraw the non cooperation movement 1924 : Ram Raju was captured and executed 1926-1930 : Agricultural prices began to fall from 1926 and collapsed after 1930 1927 : The establishment of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries 1928 : Simon Commission arrived in India 1928 : All party conference October 1929 : Lord Irwin offered Dominion status December 1929 : PurnaSwaraj was demanded 26 January 1930 : Independence day was celebrated for the first time 6th April 1930 : Salt Satyagraha was started April 1930 : Angry crowds demonstrated in the streets of Peshawar 1930 : Muhammad Iqbal stepped down as Muslim League president. 5th March 1931 : Gandhi Irwin pact December 1931 : The political leaders of Indian freedom struggle was released from jail September 1932 : Poona pact 1930 and 1932 : There was a strike by railway workers in 1930 and dockworkers in 1932. 1934 : By 1934 the civil disobedience movement lost its momentum 14th July 1942 : The Indian National Congress endorsed the historic Quit India Resolution.

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Important things to remember 1914-1918 : First world War 1915 : gandhiji came from South African 1917 : first satyagraha in champaran 1917 : second satyagraha in kheda 1918 : third satyagraha in ahmedabad 1919 : Rowlatt satyagraha 1919 : martial law adopted 1919 : jallianwala bagh massacre happened in Amritsar, Punjab 1920 : Non cooperation movement start

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– PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS – 1 MARK QUESTIONS Q1. State the reason for calling off 'the Non-cooperation Movement' by Gandhiji? [1M, 2021 Sample Paper] A1. Chauri-Chaura incident Q2. Name he writer of the book 'Hind Swaraj". [1M, 2017, 2014] A2. The book 'Hind Swaraj' was written by Mahatma Gandhi. Q3. Name the writer of the novel ‘Anandamath’ [1M, 2017] A3. The author of this novel is Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. Q4. In which year and place did Mahatma Gandhi organise Satyagraha for the first time in India? [1M, 2014] A4. In 1916, in Champaran, Bihar. Q5. In which novel was the hymn 'Vande Mataram' included and who was the novel written by? [1M, 2014] A5 Novel- Aandamath Author- Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay Q6. Name two main 'Satyagraha' movements organized by Mahatma Gandhi successfully in favour of peasants in 1916 and 1917. [1M, 2013] A6. 1. Indigo Planters Movement iN Champaran, Bihar in 1916. 2. Peasants Satyagraha Movement was organized in Kheda district in Gujarat in 1917 to support peasants in the demand for relaxation of revenue collection. Q7. What was the main reason to withdraw the Non-cooperation Movement? [1M, 2013] A7 Mahatma Gandhi called off the Non-cooperation Movement movement had turned violent in many places. The Chauri Chaura incident in 1922 turned into violent dash and 22 policemen were killed. Gandhiji felt satyagrahis were not ready for mass struggles. Q8. What combination of colours was there in the 'Swaraj flag' designed by Gandhiji in 1921 [1M, 2012] A8. Red, Green and White. Q9. Why was the Khilafat movement started? [1M, 2012] A9. Khilafat movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi and the Ali Brothers, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali in response to the harsh treatment given to the Caliph of Ottoman empire and the dismemberment of the Ottoman empire by the British. Q10. Who created the first image of Bharat Mata? [1M, 2012] A10. Abanindranath Tagore 3 MARKS QUESTIONS Q11. Why did Gandhiji start Non-Cooperation Movement? Explain. [3M, 2021 Sample Paper] A11. i. Against Rowlatt Act ii. Jallianwala Bagh incidence iii. Khilafat Andolan Q12. Describe the famous incidence of Jallianwala Bagh. [3M, 2020] A12. ● On 13th April 1919, the infamous Jallianwala Bagh incident took place. ● On that day, a crowd of villagers who had come to Amritsar to attend: fair gathered in the enclosed ground of Jallianwala Bagh. ● Being from outside the city, they were unaware of the martial law that had been imposed. ● General Dyer entered the area, blocked the only exit point, and opened fire on the crowd, killing and wounding hundreds of people. Q13. Describe the role of Alluri Sitaram Raju in Andhra Pradesh during 1920s. [3M, 2020] A13. i. Alluri Sitaram Raju claimed that he had a variety of special powers like making astrological predictions, healing people and surviving bullet shots. ii. The rebels proclaimed him as an incarnation of God. iii. Raju was inspired by Gandhiji's Non-Cooperation Movement. iv. Persuaded people to wear khadi and give up drinking. Q14. Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the 'Non-Cooperation Movement' in February 1922? Explain any three reasons. [3M, 2017] A14. Causes of withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement are as follows: ● Some activists of the Non-Cooperation Movement set a police station fire at Chauri-Chaura (Gorakhpur), Uttar Pradesh in which 21 policemen were burnt alive. ● Gandhiji felt that people of India were not ready for a nation-wide movement of mass struggle and felt that he should withdraw the movement. ● Moreover. many members of the Indian National Congress felt that the Non-Cooperation Movement was tiresome and unnecessary since they wanted to contest the election. Q15. Evaluate the role of business classes in the in Civil Disobedience Movement.' [3M, 2017] A15. ● Keen on expanding their business, the business classes supported Civil Disobedience Movement and Protested against colonial policies that restricted business activities. They wanted protection against the import of foreign goods and a rupee sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports. ● To organise business classes against colonial policies, they formed the Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and the Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) in 1927. ● The business community interpreted Swaraj in their own way. They came to see Swaraj at the time when the colonial restriction on business would no longer exist and the trade industry would flourish without constraint. Q16. Evaluate the contribution of folklore, songs, popular prints etc., in shaping the nationalism during freedom struggle. [3M, 2017] A16. History and fiction, folklore and songs, popular prints and symbols-all played an important role in creating a sense of collective belonging leading to the growth of nationalism. 1. Image of Bharat Mata: ● With the growth of nationalism, the identity of the Indian nation came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. ● Moved by the Swadeshi Movement, Rabindranath Tagore painted the famous image of Bharat Mata. The identity of the Indian nation came to be visually associated with this image. She was portrayed as an ascetic figure-calm, composed, divine and spiritual. ● Later this image was painted by many other artists which acquired different forms. This image was circulated in popular prints and devotion to this mother figure was seen as a sign of nationalism. 2. Reinterpretation of History: ● The glorification of developments in ancient India in the fields of art and architecture, Science and Mathematics, religion and culture, law and philosophy, craft and trade had also helped in the growth of nationalism. ● These nationalist histories encouraged the readers to take pride in India': great achievement in the past and struggle to change the miserable conditions (cultural and economic decline) of life under British rule. 3. Indian Folklore: ● Idea of nationalism also developed through a movement to revive Indian folklore. ● Folk tales were sung by bards in the villages, to give a true picture of traditional culture, which had been damaged by outside forces. ● In Bengal, Rabindranath Tagore himself began collecting ballads, nursery rhymes and myths to revive folk culture. ● In Madras, Natesa Sastri published a four volume collection of Tamil folk tales. "The Folklore of Southern India". Q17. Who had designed the 'swaraj flag' by 1921? Explain the main features of this 'swaraj flag'. [3M, 2016] A17. Main features of the 'Swaraj Flag': 1. It had tricolours Red, Green and White. 2. It had a spinning wheel in the centre. 3. It represents the Gandhian idea of self-help. 4 Carrying the flag during marches had become & symbol of defiance and a sense of collective belonging. Q18. What type of flag was designed during the 'Swadeshi Movement' in Bengal? Explain its main features. [3M, 2016] A18. During the Swadeshi Movement' in Bengal, ● A tricolour flag-red, green and yellow was designed. ● It had eight lotuses representing the eight provinces of British India. ● It had a crescent moon, representing Hindus and Muslims. Q19. "The plantation workers in Assam had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi and the notion of Swaraj". Support the statement with arguments. [3M, 20161

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00:00 Introduction 00:42 The First World War, Khilafat and Non-cooperation 01:41 Impact of First World War on India 02:56 The Idea of Satyagrah 06:06 Rowlatt Act 08:30 Jalliawanwala Bagh Massacre 10:00 Hindu-Muslim Unification 12:48 Why Non-Cooperation? 15:30 Diffring strands within the Movement 15:41 The movement in the towns 18:00 Rebellion in the countryside 22:54 Swaraj in plantation 24:00 Chauri Chaura Incident 24:42 Towards The Civil Disobedience Movement 25:48 Two factors that shaped the Indian politics 29:02 The Salt March and The Civil Disobedience Movement 32:52 Gandhi-Irwin Pact 34:14 How participants saw the movement 39:29 The limits of civil disobedience movement 41:56 Poona Pact 44:04 The Sense of Collecting Belonging 47:04 Outro