Illuminating hyperbolic geometry

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Published 2015-12-14
Joint work with Saul Schleimer. In this short video we show how various models of hyperbolic geometry can be obtained from the hemisphere model via stereographic and orthogonal projection.

2D figure credits: 4:09 Cannon, Floyd, Kenyon, Parry. 0:49, 1:20, 1:31, 2:12, Roice Nelson. We thank Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, for its hospitality during filming.

(2,3,7) triangle tiling: shpws.me/Dq6q
Geodesic saddle ({3,7} radius 3, subdivided 4): shpws.me/ES7b
Pseudosphere: shpws.me/GIgq
(2,3,5) triangle tiling (stereographic projection): shpws.me/CKVv

Thanks to M.Y. Zhang for writing CC subtitles for this video.

All Comments (21)
  • @Mathologer
    Among your videos this is my favourite so far.
  • @Kram1032
    using light to show off those various projections is really cool
  • @petermarsh4578
    This is well above my knowledge level, but i'd love to understand properly one day
  • Great video! I would love to see more schools use your models to teach these concepts.
  • @rarebeeph1783
    one of my favorite projections is taking a euclidean plane, pulling back a gnomonic projection to the half-sphere, and parallel projecting to a disk in the plane. it maps lines in the plane to half-ellipses tangent to the boundary of the disk at two opposing points, which makes it very well suited to conceptualizing projective geometry. of course, you still have to implicitly equate opposing points on the boundary. (edit: i suppose you could stereographically project the half-sphere to the disk instead; that would map lines to circular arcs which intersect the boundary at opposing points) you can even model this projection in a graphing calculator like desmos, which means you can graph proper functions and see how they behave. i suppose it shouldn't be surprising that the point at which they intersect the circle at infinity is closely related to the limit of the slope as x goes to infinity (if it exists), so most common functions (polynomials, exponentials) intersect at the top/bottom of the circle (i.e. straight vertical from the origin). as a final example, sin and cos do not have limiting slopes, but they are bounded between two horizontal lines, and so must intersect the point at infinity where those lines do: the horizontal point, corresponding to 0 slope lines.
  • @Posesso
    This is so good. It's helpful to explain because it is the real deal. No 'imagine a ray that blabla', here you just show it and say. And now we show you how to make it on paper. Thanks!
  • @eptothefrep
    I watched this to understand my absurdly confusing dreams. it helped a bit and the switching voice and outro are fittingly eerie
  • Love how eccentric you guys are, and excellent visual portrayal of the material, new sub & fan, much love, thank you! :)
  • @ethos8863
    The idea that different projections are the result of light sources in different positions and directions is rather striking
  • Great video. I found it a little too fast for someone uninitiated. I loved the 3D printed models and the demonstrations - pretty cool.
  • @happmacdonald
    Hey cool! I love hyperbolic geometry. While I have already been introduced to these three projection types before (at least the ones on the flat plane, the hemisphere model is new to me even though it's such a great exchange medium between the other three!), this is the first time I've seen them compared to one another and their most important shape conservation properties discussed in full. Thanks guys! :D
  • I like your funny words, magic man~ this is way above my grade 12-level knowledge of euclidian/non-euclidian planes, but I can tell this is cool stuff!
  • @abdullahh283
    These are really some thought inducing videos! Great work gentlemen!
  • @kenziekline2231
    This is so cool, thank you for taking the time to explain all of this!