How is Data Received? An Overview of Digital Communications

Published 2022-08-01
Explains how Digital Communication Receivers work to turn the received waveform back into data (ones and zeros). Discusses the basic fundamental situation for wireless and mobile communications, and for Ethernet, digital subscriber lines (DSL), and optical fibres.

This is Part 2 of an overall system overview. The Transmitter was covered in Part 1 "How is Data Sent? An Overview of Digital Communications"    • How is Data Sent? An Overview of Digi...  

* Note that I made a minor error in showing the Detector before the Equaliser. What I had intended to do was to show them as a single block, since they are most often implemented as a single function (but I was trying to think of too many things at once). If they are implemented separately, then the equaliser comes first. I have fixed it on the Summary Sheet.

Other related videos: (see iaincollings.com/)
• What is a Matched Filter?    • What is a Matched Filter?  
• What is a Constellation Diagram?    • What is a Constellation Diagram?  
• What is Intersymbol Interference ISI?    • What is Intersymbol Interference ISI?  
• How are Different Equalization Methods Related? (DFE, ZF, MMSE, Viterbi, OFDM)    • How are Different Equalization Method...  
• How are Data Rate and Bandwidth Related?    • How are Data Rate and Bandwidth Relat...  
• How are Throughput, Bandwidth, and Data Rate Related?    • How are Throughput, Bandwidth, and Da...  
• How are Bit Error Rate (BER) and Symbol Error Rate (SER) Related?    • How are Bit Error Rate (BER) and Symb...  
• What are Channel Capacity and Code Rate?    • What are Channel Capacity and Code Rate?  
• What is Entropy? and its relation to Compression    • What is Entropy? and its relation to ...  
• What is Pulse Shaping and the Square Root Raised Cosine?    • Pulse Shaping and Square Root Raised ...  
Full Categorised list of videos and PDF Summary Sheets: iaincollings.com/

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All Comments (21)
  • Thank you professor, I have finished my Master degree in Electrical engineering but I still occasionally watch your video to refresh my mind. I really like your explanation style since there is a lot of sublets, pitfall, and misunderstanding when I study wireless communication. Again thank you very much
  • Thank you professor, Im, by degree, a theoretical computer scientist but after taking a stochastic process class and watching your videos, I took many more signal and systems/processing classes and performed very well. Im often finding myself applying that knowledge to computer science problems, it is especially useful in having a stronger understanding of communications, data science and machine learning which are both ultimately based on signal theory. It gave me a way to look at these topics in a way other students fail to understand, and it even helped me get into quantum computing groups and projects and perhaps PhD in the future.
  • never believed that receivers can be explained like this in 9 minutes thanks sir for video
  • @jamesz80
    Hi Iain, long time no see, you wouldn't remember me, but I was either in your class of 1999 or 2000 in University of Sydney. Good to see you still doing your thing (now on Youtube). I am just doing some revisions to try to do a tech talk on communication systems. I never got into telecommunications, but software engineering is a lot of fun, which is what I do now. Hope all is well :)
  • This video is very nice👍 I have been self studying wireless communication and is quite lost in the detail description in the course material. This video helps put all the things together!
  • @minhhoanggia
    Thank you for your outstanding video series. If possible, could you make tutorials about UWB signal processing? This technology is becoming more interests today.
  • @rudrasingh9501
    hey lain , at time of receiving the data at the rerceiver the syncronization bits which is used for timming recovery is used only once or whether its used after each frame [does start stop bit is same as the synchronization bits ]
  • @omerzchut5741
    Hi, thanks for the video. From the video I understand that the frequency lock and clock lock are implemented in hardware, what are the benefits of that over implementing in software (after we sample)?
  • hey lain, I guess before we start matching our incoming pulse and start collecting its energy we need to find out the starting point of the symbol received at the receiver so my point is which algorithm is used at the receiver for the detection of the starting point of the received symbol at the receiver end and what are the impacts of STO(symbol time offset) on to our received symbols and if there is some
  • @stanleyche470
    very nicely explained video professor! but I want to ask a small question why there is a need for frequency locking at the receiver? We must be knowing already the frequency which we have to tune in so why there is a need for frequency estimation locking of the frequency?
  • sir amazing video but it would be better if you make the next video on the process of symbol time recovery and why its important over all thanks again sir
  • @amahbubul85
    Hi Lain, thanks for the vidéo...A basic question. For ASK, you did not show sinusoids. But I guess we don't have rectangular shape nécessarily, no? In fact, I am a bit confused to make the links among line coding, DAC, modulation, symbol mapper and up converter. I know that if we have an analog signal, we convert the analog signal into digital signal. While doing that, we have quantized samples. Then we do pulse shaping, then up convert? Where is the position of different terms between which I am missing the links here?
  • @sLazar5520
    Thank you. So a wifi adaptor for example has all of these elements?
  • hey lain , i have watched your previous video about how to transmit data in which there is DAC is used so, at the receiver end is there any role which ADC has to perform ?? i have seen in some text that after BPF a ADC has been used.
  • @felmtony1277
    Insightful Video. I am currently an ongoing masters student in Telecommunications Engineering, and have actually been viewing your videos to help me understand more this Digital communication Class. Now, I was thinking of actually putting these ideas to actual product. What Chips would I need? For example using your receiver signal flow model, I would probably need RF amplifier chips, band pass filter chips, Local oscillators, modulator(Maybe FSK), DSP, DACs in that order... would this be all or is there something else? Then for the earlier Transmitter signal flow model, which components/chips would I need for implementation? Thank you
  • hello sir, hope you fine sir i have a question the scaling that we are doing in the constellation is scaling in both phase and gain of the received signal means is phase also has something to do with scaling because the constellation has also been rotated apart from the lost in energy due to attenuation