How a Hobbyist Created An Infinite Pattern That Never Repeats

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Published 2024-01-07
Has the Einstein Problem finally been solved? For decades, mathematicians, logicians and professional puzzlers have tried to find the existence of a single tile that by itself scales to infinity without ever repeating it's pattern. Was 2023 the year this illusive shape was found...

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#maths #science #einstein #puzzle #breakthrough

Chapters:
0:00 Can A Single Shape Infinitely Tile?
0:52 Regular Tessellating Polygons
3:45 Introducing Irregular Shapes To The Problem
4:23 Non-Periodic and Aperiodic Tiling
5:56 Wang Tiles
7:16 Penrose Tiles
8:35 David Smith and the Aperiodic Monotile, The Hat
10:45 The 'Impossible' Shape - The Spectre
11:59 5 Fold Symmetry In The Real World. Dan Shechtman & Quasicrystals


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All Comments (21)
  • @DrBenMiles
    Want a dino tile? 🦖 Drop me a comment below! I'll announce the winners at the end of next weeks video Errata: - A clip of a spinning heptagon from a cut scene made it in, in place of a spinning hexagon - I will be forever embarrassed of this mistake - sorry.
  • @Chaisz3r0
    2:02 Ah yes, the famous six-sided pentagon ;) 3:08 and the famous seven-sided hexagon, too.
  • @mrdarklight
    Just wanted to point out, as a graphic artist and Civilization 6 fanatic, the shape you used when talking about a shape with six sides (at 3:10), in fact, had seven sides.
  • @ArmyGuyClaude
    I’m just glad, as a physics hobbyist, that a hobbyist was able to make waves
  • The sad story of Pauling's denigration of Shechtman and his work simply reinforces for me how supremely arrogant and cliquish the scientific community can be, and how easily one can be cast out of it, lose their funding, and the resulting ability to pay their mortgages, car installments, and their childrens' college tuition, if they don't tow the party line.
  • @aDifferentJT
    You’re somewhat incorrect in your statement of the problem, there are lots of shapes that can tile aperiodically, the problem was to find a shape that can tile aperiodically but cannot tile periodically.
  • @Autoskip
    Dinos please! …though if you'd asked me what my favourite aperiodic tiling was, before the Hat discovery, it was Penrose's kites and darts, then the Hats and Spectres took pole positions when they were discovered, and then, a couple of weeks ago, I found out about the Trilobite and Crab tiling, and I quickly fell in love with its simplicity in construction, and how close it dances with looking like it should tile the plane.
  • @simpsonyellow
    Shout out to the heptagon stepping in as the hexagon's understudy at 3:07. Pulled off a convincing performance!
  • @cowgirljane3316
    As a dyslexic, math has always been a massive struggle, and I had no idea what you were saying, but I am still fascinated by math and especially quantum physics. As an artist, I see shapes in everything, and that dinosaur is cool. Who says they went extinct, they are in math.
  • @En_theo
    That example at the end, of a scientist to afraid to publish a proof because the "scientific" community can be so harsh with people with new ideas, that tells it all. It's the main problem in science, most of people just repeat what is deemed "true" before them and are ready to stone anyone with a new idea. Just ask John Bell ...
  • @cheeky1664
    Excellent, as ever! 😊😊 Thank you! 😊😊
  • @support2587
    The deserved a subscribe! All I could think of was how to incorporated this in a remodel.
  • @gregduhon5510
    My brain crashed while listening to this video. Rebooting my brain now. I will keep watching this video until my brain stops rebooting. 👍
  • @PaulPassarelli
    I first heard the term quasicrystal back in Feb '87 at a presentation at the Cornell Space Sciences building. I remember it well.
  • @Italianjedi7
    Wow. It amazes me how some humans are able to figure out things that would never arise from my brain. I’m literally a kitten playing with a string compared to the thinker statue eternally thinking
  • @ZoonCrypticon
    @7:55 Interesting, "...projection of a five dimensional space with fivefold symmetry onto a 2D plane..." . One should name Penrose- Tiles "Penta-Rose"-Tiles.