The Nuts and Bolts of Better Brains: Harnessing the Power of Neuroplasticity

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Published 2019-03-23
What if your brain at 77 were as plastic as it was at 7? What if you could learn Mandarin with the ease of a toddler or play Rachmaninoff without breaking a sweat? A growing understanding of neuroplasticity suggests these fantasies could one day become reality. Neuroplasticity may also be the key to solving diseases like Alzheimer’s, depression, and autism. In this program, leading neuroscientists discuss their most recent findings and both the tantalizing possibilities and pitfalls for our future cognitive selves.

PARTICIPANTS: Alvaro Pascual-Leone, Nim Tottenham, Carla Shatz

MODERATOR: Guy McKhann

MORE INFO ABOUT THE PROGRAM AND PARTICIPANTS: www.worldsciencefestival.com/programs/nuts-bolts-b…

This program is part of the BIG IDEAS SERIES, made possible with support from the JOHN TEMPLETON FOUNDATION.

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TOPICS:
- Opening film 00:00
- What is neuroplasticity? 03:53
- Participant introductions 04:21
- Structure of the brain 05:21
- Is the brain fundamentally unwired at the start? 07:02
- Why does the process of human brain development seem inefficient? 08:30
- Balancing stability and plasticity 10:43
- Critical periods of brain development 13:01
- Extended human childhood development compared to other animals 14:54
- Stability and. plasticity in the visual system 17:37
- Reopening the visual system 25:13
- Pros and cons of brain plasticity vs. stability 27:28
- Plasticity in the autistic brain 29:55
- What is Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) 31:25
- Phases of emotional development 33:10
- Schizophrenia and plasticity 37:40
- Recovery from brain injury 40:24
- Modern rehabilitation techniques 47:21
- Holy grail of Neuroscience 50:12
- Enhancing memory performance as we age 53:37
- Regulating emotions 57:19

PROGRAM CREDITS:
- Produced by Nils Kongshaug
- Associate Produced by Christine Driscoll
- Opening film written / produced by Vin Liota
- Music provided by APM
- Additional images and footage provided by: Getty Images, Shutterstock, Videoblocks

This program was recorded live at the 2018 World Science Festival and has been edited and condensed for YouTube.

All Comments (21)
  • @sgp21111
    Neuroplasticity and brain reprogramming should be subjects taught at school so that every single person out there knows the incredible capabilities they withhold.
  • @erictaylor5462
    2:00 This is why child abuse is so devastating. If a child is neglected and/or abused, it keeps those connections that help it in the abusive environment, but it loses those connections that would have allowed it to learn to be a normal, social human being. By the time it is a teenager, that child will not be able to form normal social relations, and what it learned to survive (fight or hide) will be worse than useless. The child will be unable to form normal social relations, and his or her behavior (fighting or hiding) will be harmful to those around them. If you want to destroy someone's potential, abuse them as a child. In many ways child abuse is even worse than outright murder. If you murder someone you simply end their existence. This is bad enough, but if you abuse a child then you destroy that person's ability to be as happy as they otherwise would have. You actually destroy not only the child's life, but you also have a share in the responsibility in the destruction of the lives that abused child will go on to destroy.
  • @chinookvalley
    My parents were both orphaned during the Great Depression. They had to fight for their lives. Nothing came easily. Living on the streets. Getting passed from one family to someone else. I think of what they must have endured... yet they were happy, healthy, loving, successful, and enthusiastic. Dad passed at 91, mom at 87. At the times of their deaths they were sharp and focused. Amazing.
  • @machikr
    I am over 50 years old, and I find my mind getting sharper as I age. I have been reading papers on subjects I received no formal training, and am surprised to find how much I am still able to understand. Brain is an amazing thing, and I now firmly believe one develops it until the moment one dies.
  • I remember learning about plasticity at 24 and I went back to school majored as electrical engineer and psychology. I am still learning more today. Downey California
  • @hemantrai3393
    I suffered 2 scars after herpes encephalitis 4 years back and had to leave job of automation engineer due to loss of 85 % memory , but with repeated practice of managed neuro plasticity exercise I am now living normal life .
  • @Karyabs
    It looks like the classroom is the worst place for a young child to learn - getting exposed to the same environment everyday.
  • The most important thing is the drive, instinct, stimulation to learn. When one feels that there is nothing to worry about in the environment, that drive dies down. But if the environment keep changing, if someone has to constantly adapt to his/her environment to survive - the learning process has to continue. So, there is nothing like 'time's up' in neuroplasticity theory. It's another sensory driven outcome model which is there always, will be there throughout our life span.
  • @dpchait7793
    I remember when I taught myself to read and write Japanese at the age of 46. I could almost feel the changes in my brain due to the extreme restructuring of the visual / comprehension that was neccessary
  • @jimviau327
    My thing is: Always act as if You Could Not Fail! Scary, I know, but utterly motivating
  • @elancaster3989
    I suffered a major brain injury in june 2020, had to get chunks of my skull removed from my brain. I had to relearn how to live again at 43. Started treatment with psilocybin within a month of the injury. Went from not knowing who or where I was every morning to back to a normal life for the most part in 13 months. Within the next year I should be back to work as a journeyman carpenter. Psilocybin helps with neurogenisis. It gave me my life back
  • Being curious at all times like a child can enhance cognitive development especially to adults.
  • All of this science makes perfect sense. Makes me happy but jealous of the generation to come. I have been extremely interested in many venues of science but always had trouble with learning. This will bring about many minds of science in the future.
  • @pauljay3118
    Watching this video was a true paradigm shifting moment for me. It was amazing how as they spoke about neuroplasticity I would think about how this might be connected to certain mental/psychological traits and then they would talk about it 5 minutes later. Amazing.
  • It’s starts with willingness first. You can’t force anyone to learn if they don’t want to.
  • In a nut shell, you can change your mind, your mind continues to change depending on your stimulation. You can form new habits. Learning is life long.
  • @cjsamtab7
    How is it possible then, that I could play all three types of saxophones and three types of electric bass guitars, after having stopped playing for 30 years? It all came back to me in under one year of practice. Touching them actually.
  • @Mr96akaal
    The point of meditation is to have wisdom on self. Working out and eating healthy is self love and acceptance. I enjoy how holistic this talk is. (🌚3️⃣3️⃣)
  • @mamamia7686
    There is one thing that intrigued me a lot, and it was the importance of brain stability over time. I think there is one interesting connection that is between stability and nostalgia. The first impressions that shape your cultural and personal tastes tend to last longer and be impactful because they influenced each person's critical period and remains there due to our brain's growing stability afterward.
  • @rissyrose3661
    You can learn anything at age as long as you are willing learn and have people around you who believe that you can :)