Acute kidney injury: mechanism, diagnosis and management

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Published 2018-08-12

Acute kidney injury is common entity in medical practice. The present definition is based on a serum creatinine rise of more 0.3 mg/dl in 48 hours or less, a 50% increase from the baseline over a period of 07 days or a urine output of less than 0.5 ml/kg/hour for more than 06 hours. The main causes of acute kidney injury may be classified into pre renal, intrinsic or post renal causes. Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment is essential to prevent mortality or morbidity. This presentation discusses in detail the causes of all three mechanisms, pre-renal, post renal and intrinsic.
The diagnostic evaluation involves a detailed history and physical examination, renal failure indices, radiological tests and kidney biopsy along with novel biomarkers. These novel biomarkers include Kidney injury molecule, Interleukin 18, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin, cystitis C and others.
The management of acute kidney involves stabilisation of hemodynamics, elimination of all nephrotoxic agents and renal replacement therapy. Specific management issues are also discussed which includes management of electrolyte disturbances, nutritional support and drug dosing issues.

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All Comments (3)

@rajvirao7413 3 years ago

Sir please make video for PD and also HD . To help full as plz sir
@abc_cba 5 years ago

Very nicely explained ! Can you please suggest me what is your opinion on a cystatin C level of 1.77 ? With normal creatinine of less than 1 and bun:creatinine of 13 ? Is this something critical ?